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2009-08-06 21:18:39 Description:
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34, 10:28, 2007-10-17 12:05:58 Description: 9/11 Coincidences (Part Eighteen)
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"Something Wasn't Right That Day"
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The witnesses you see in (More) 9/11 Coincidences (Part Eighteen)
----------------------------
"Something Wasn't Right That Day"
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The witnesses you see in this video are just the tip of the iceberg. These witnesses include fire crew, police officers and media reporters - who all heard and saw explosions going off inside the towers and building 7, long before they actually fell. Many witnesses reported powerful explosions in the basements of the buildings long before they collapsed. Controlled demolition experts agree that the collapses of these three buildings bear all of the hallmarks of a controlled demolition. For example, we see demolition "squibs" shooting out of the windows of the buildings before they started to collapse. All three buildings collapsed at near freefall speed. Building 7, which wasn't hit by a plane and contained only small scattered fires, came down symmetrically in just 6-seconds. And 6-weeks after 9/11, liquified steel was found under the rubble of all three buildings and the temperature was still in excess of 1500F. Jet-fuel simply cannot burn hot enough to reach that sort of temperature, let alone stay that hot for 6-weeks. Only thermite explosives can do this. Many of the steel beams found in the rubble of the three buildings were cut diagonally - in exactly the same way as shaped-charges slice through steel diagonally to bring a building straight down. Sulfur residue was also found on the steel beams. Sulfur used with thermite is called thermate -- which produces even faster results than thermite, reaching temperatures of over 4,000F. We also see red-hot molten steel dripping from the windows of the towers prior to their collapse. How much more evidence do we need before we accept that those 3 buildings were brought down in a controlled demolition?
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6, 03:43, 2008-10-25 23:43:09 Description: AFTER SCHOOL.
I opened my locker and sighed. I grabbed the books i needed
and put them in my back pack.
"hey lena."
That voice sounded familiar. I turned my head around.
(More) AFTER SCHOOL.
I opened my locker and sighed. I grabbed the books i needed
and put them in my back pack.
"hey lena."
That voice sounded familiar. I turned my head around.
"oh hey nick."
I said coldly as i slammed my locker, shut.
"ready?" i asked.
"yeah, lets go."
AT SELENA's HOUSE.
"okay, ready to show me that song?" Nick smirked.
"uh-uh-uhmm, s-s-u-r-r-e-e" i studdered.
"are you okay?" he asked me, no words came out of
my mouth, so i just nodded. I walked to the piano room and sat down.
i placed my fingers on the keys and started.
"It was two weeks after the day she trned 18,
all dressed in white goin to the church that night
she had his box of letters
in the passenger seat
Six pence in a shoe, something borrowed, something blue
And when the church doors opened up wide,
Tryin' to hide the tears,
Oh she just couldn't believe it,
She heard the trumpets
From the military band,
And the flowers fell out of her hands,
Why'd you have to leave me ?
Why'd you have to go?
I was countin' on forever
Now i'll never know.
I cant even breathe
It's like i'm lookin from a distance
Standin' in the background,
everybody's sayin' he's a comin home now
This can't be happening to me
This is just a dream"
As I lifted my fingers off of the keys I felt my heart pounding, my hands shaking, thoughts running though my head 100 mph...I couldn't imagine what Nick would say...
"That was amazing"
I felt so happy and i thought "Is this the same guy that called me 'Lena Loser' one week ago ? "
I couldn't even match words to say anything "Wow Nick, Thanks ! "
Nick:Your welcome
Selena:Thanks I wrote it for...for
I felt my heart drop, it sank to my stomach and happiness turned to pure discomfort...
Nick:You wrote it for ???
Selena:My...My p-p-a-r-r-en-t-s
I felt a tear run down my face, but I wiped it quickly so Nick wouldn't see,
As we finished the song I felt like I was getting close to Nick and as I sat down I put my fingers n the keys and he accompanied me with his guitar
"It was two weeks after the day she turned eighteen
All dressed in white
Going to the church that night
She had his box of letters in the passenger seat
Sixpence in her shoe, something barrowed, something blue
And when the church doors opened up wide
She put her veil down
Trying to hide the tears
Oh she just couldn't believe it
She heard trumpets from the military band
And the flowers fell out of her hand
Baby why'd you leave me
Why'd you have to go?
I was counting on forever, now I'll never know
I can't even breathe
It's like I'm looking from a distance
Standing in the background
Everybody's saying, he's not coming home now
This can't be happening to me
This is just a dream
The preacher man said let us bow our heads and pray
Lord please lift his soul, and heal this hurt
Then the congregation all stood up and sang the saddest song that she ever heard
Then they handed her a folded up flag
And she held on to all she had left of him
Oh, and what could have been
And then the gun's rang one last shot
And it felt like a bullet in her heart
Baby why'd you leave me
Why'd you have to go?
I was counting on forever, now I'll never know
I can't even breathe
It's like I'm looking from a distance
Standing in the background
Everybody's saying, he's not coming home now
This can't be happening to me
This is just a dream
Oh,
Baby why'd you leave me
Why'd you have to go?
I was counting on forever, now I'll never know
Oh, now I'll never know
It's like I'm looking from a distance
Standing in the background
Everybody's saying, he's not coming home now
This can't be happening to me
This is just a dream
Oh, this is just a dream
Just a dream
Yeah, Yeah"
Selena:We're a good team !
Nick:*smiles*I guess you could say that
As I felt close to Nick and realized that he really was a friend I heard my cell phone going off
Selena:Hello
Demi:*crying*Selena, could you come down here quick please !?
Selena:I'll be right there Demi
As I hung up my phone I felt like there was a weight on my shoulders, I couldn't even move, but I knew i had to get to Demi
Nick:Whats wrong ?
Selena:I don't know somethings wrong with Demi
Nick:I better go with you just in case
Selena:Thanks Nick !
As we rushed over to Demi's house all I could think was "Whats wrong ?" Why did she call me crying ?" "Was her house broken into ?" "Did Someone die ?" As many thought rushed through my head I only had one main focus Demi was all I had left I couldn't lose her
____________________________
Witten by Erin up to:"uh-uh-uhmm, s-s-u-r-r-e-e" i studdered.
"are you okay?" he asked me, no words came out of
my mouth, so i just nodded. I walked to the piano room and sat down.
i placed my fingers on the keys and started.
The rest was written by Nicole (Less)
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204, 04:36, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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121, 05:12, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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180, 07:58, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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111, 04:52, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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221, 04:59, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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106, 03:29, 2008-04-17 15:09:54 Description: Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As (More) Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969)[1] is an American record producer, mogul, CEO, clothing designer, and rapper. He was brought into the hip hop industry by life long friend Sami Al-Hakkak. As of October 2006, his nickname and recording name is Diddy (adopted in August 2005). Previously, he had been known as Puff Daddy and later as P. Diddy (Puff and Puffy being often used as a nickname, but never as recording names). He is still called P. Diddy in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the latter after a legal battle with another artist, Richard "Diddy" Dearlove.[ His business interests include Bad Boy Records, the clothing lines Sean John and Sean by Sean Combs, a movie production company, and two restaurants. He has taken the roles of recording executive, back up singer, performer, producer of MTV's Making the Band, writer, arranger, clothing designer, and Broadway actor. Diddy is the second richest hip-hop entertainer, having a net worth estimate of US$358 Million. Biography [edit] Early years Born in New York City to Melvin and Janice Combs, Sean grew up in Mount Vernon, just to the north of the New York City borough of the Bronx. When Combs was two, his father Melvin was shot dead in his car on January 26, 1972 at age thirty-three in a Manhattan park following a party he attended.[4] After completing his private secondary education at the Roman Catholic Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx in 1987, Combs attended Howard University in Washington, DC but dropped out, and eventually became an intern at Uptown Records.[4] While enrolled at Howard University, Combs gained a reputation as a party promoter, showing an early penchant for marketing and promotions. Combs, in a display of his tenacity, would also travel back and forth between Washington, DC and New York juggling his classes and his internship with Uptown records. [edit] Establishing Bad Boy After starting the label, both Craig Mack and The Notorious B.I.G. quickly released hit singles, followed by similarly successful LPs, particularly B.I.G.'s Ready to Die. Puff Daddy, as he was then known, began signing more acts to Bad Boy, including, Dream, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, Father MC, 112 and Total, as well as producing for Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Lil' Kim, TLC, Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men, SWV, Aretha Franklin and others, and forming The Hitmen, an in-house production team. Ma$e and D-Block (known as "The Lox" at the time) soon joined Bad Boy, just as a widely publicized rivalry with the West Coast's Death Row Records was beginning. Combs and Biggie were criticized and parodied by Tupac Shakur and Suge Kight, in songs and interviews during the mid-1990s. Shakur was murdered in September, 1996.[5] Six months later, on March 9, 1997, the Notorious B.I.G. was murdered weeks before the release of his most successful album, Life After Death. Diddy also worked on various "Bad Boy" remixes, including massive smash hits such as MN8's "I've Got A Little Something For You" which featured on the Bad Boys film soundtrack in 1995. [edit] Personal life Combs with his sons Christian and Justin On Thursday December 21, 2006, Combs' then-girlfriend, Kim Porter (who also has a son with Al B Sure), delivered twin girls. Their names are D'Lila Star and Jessie James Combs.[6][7] The couple have a son, Christian, 9. Sean also has another son, Justin, 13, from his previous relationship with stylist Misa Hylton-Brim. In July 2007, Combs' rep confirms that the couple has split.[8] He also has another child with Sarah Chapman, a one year old daughter named Chance Chapman Combs. She and Kim Porter were pregnant at the same time. After initially denying paternity of Chance, DNA tests revealed that Combs is in fact her father. Bringing his total number of children to six, with five belonging to him biologically. [2] Combs is a major soccer fan. He arranged time to meet the Manchester United F.C. team in Copenhagen prior to MTV European Music Awards.[9] Combs favorite club is Arsenal F.C.: "I'm a loyal guy. There's a couple of other football teams tried to recruit me but I'm staying true to Arsenal. Arsenal fans have inducted me as an honorary official Arsenal member."[10] He was given the key to Chicago on October 13, 2006.[11] [edit] Recent events Combs tried to reinvent his image, but was once again in court facing assault charges from a Michigan television host, Dr. Roger Mills, and then was arrested for driving on a suspended license in Florida. In spite of continuing legal problems, Combs decided that he was going to release a gospel album, Thank You, but it was never released. After yet more legal problems stemming from an accusation of reckless driving by the Miami police, Combs began working with a series of unusual (for him) artists. A collaboration with David Bowie appeared on the soundtrack to Training Day, while Combs began working with Britney Spears and 'N Sync. He signed California-based pop girl group Dream to his record label. He was also an opening act for 'N Sync on their Spring 2002 Celebrity Tour. Sean Combs nickname "P. Diddy" was adopted in 2000. Later in 2002, he made his own reality show on MTV called Making the Band 2, the sequel to the first Making the Band. In it, contestants compete to be in a new group on Bad Boy Records. The six finalists have to come up with their name, CD and video (see Da Band). The group was maligned by comics and critics, including a well known skit that appeared on Chappelle's Show, and was dissolved by Diddy at the end of the series. Diddy went on to later work on creating an all-girl group called Danity Kane in the third version of Making The Band.[citation needed] In 2003, Combs ran in the New York City Marathon and raised $2,000,000 for the educational system for the children of New York. On March 10, 2004, he appeared in an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the marathon. He finished the marathon in four hours and eighteen minutes. In 2004, Combs headed the campaign "Vote or Die" for the 2004 Presidential Election. The "Vote or Die" slogan was mocked by both The Daily Show and South Park as being too simplistic and encouraging young people to vote without knowing the issues. In a South Park episode entitled "Douche and Turd", P. Diddy and his associates chased one of the main characters around with weapons, literally threatening to kill him if he wouldn't vote in his school election.[12] At the time there were also rumors that Combs didn't even vote in the election, and that like Paris Hilton, another supporter of the campaign, wasn't even registered. In a 2005 interview with AndPOP, Combs explained that he was developing a new line of men's suits. On August 16, 2005, Combs appeared on the Today Show and announced that he was altering his stage name yet again, dropping the "P." and referring to himself simply as "Diddy," saying that "the P was getting between me and my fans." However this name change to Diddy upset Richard "Diddy" Dearlove, a London based musical artist & DJ.[13] Richard Dearlove lodged paperwork on Wednesday 16 November 2005 at 10:30 am in the Royal Court of Justice, London to start injunctive proceedings, a case which he won when an out of court settlement of 110,000 was agreed. As a result, Combs will no longer be able to use the name Diddy in the UK.[2][14] As of 2005, Combs sold his record company to the Warner Music Group. Tensions still existed between Diddy and former Warners CEOs Lyor Cohen and Kevin Liles (both formerly of Def Jam), but they arranged for his imprint to be a part of the company. He still remains CEO of Bad Boy Records.[15] He later hosted the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, and was named one of the 100 Most Influential People of 2005 by Time magazine.[16] He even earned a mention in the world of country music. The subject of Play Something Country by Brooks & Dunn and Sean Okundaye says he "didn't come to hear P Diddy" which he rhymes with "something bumpin' from the city." Diddy released the album Press Play on October 17, 2006, his first album in 4 years. The album included a variety of popular and contemporary guest appearances including Christina Aguilera, Keyshia Cole, Mario Winans (signed to his label 'Bad Boy Records'), Nas, Will.i.am (Black Eyed Peas), Mary J. Blige, Nicole Scherzinger (of the Pussycat Dolls), Jamie Foxx, Big Boi (Outkast), Ciara, and Brandy. The album reached number one on its first week in the charts. In the February 2007 issue of Blender magazine, Diddy dishes about his wardrobe. He describes his style in three words. "Swagger. Timeless. Diverse."[17] Combs was also recently featured in a Burger King commercial with Cassie. On Sunday, July 1, 2007, Combs performed I'll Be Missing You at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium. On Tuesday, September 18, 2007, Diddy teamed up with 50 Cent and Jay-Z for the "Forbes I Get Money Billion Dollar Remix."[18] [edit] Performing career Diddy has recently finished recording his latest LP, entitled Press Play, featuring collaborations with, among others, Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, Mary J. Blige and Keyshia Cole which was released on October 17th, 2006. It was reported that Diddy would be singing on all the tracks of this album, but that was proven false as, on the album's first single, "Come To Me" (featuring Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls), he did not sing at all, but rather did his traditional rapping. He does sing on the third single, "Last Night" (featuring Keyshia Cole). "Tell Me" (featuring Christina Aguilera) was released as the second single. An interesting fact about this song is that it was a demo song for his Making the Band 3 girl group, Danity Kane, as seen in the second season of the MTV show. He was asking fans on his MySpace page to help him choose the fourth single. "Through the Pain (She Told Me)" (featuring Mario Winans) was chosen as the fourth single. [edit] Ventures Combs has opened his own clothing range named 'Sean John'. Combs is one of the wealthiest people in the American entertainment industry. In 2002, he was featured on Fortune magazine's "40 Richest People Under 40" list and was placed number one in the list of the top ten richest people in hip-hop. He has donated undisclosed amounts to the Patricia Kirby Foundation, an organization that battles teenage bulimia and other eating disorders. In addition to his work as a performer and producer, Combs entered the fashion industry. His clothing line, Sean John, has been nominated for the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) Award for Menswear Designer of the Year every year since 2000. Sean John received criticism, however, for using fur in his designs. Controversy also followed when it was discovered that factories producing the clothing in Honduras were violating Honduran labor law.[19] Charles Kernaghan of the National Labor Committee, who first exposed the factory, is quoted in the New York Times as saying, "Sean Combs obviously has a lot of clout, he can literally do a lot overnight to help these workers."[19] He did and conditions at the factory improved dramatically. The case is often cited as an example of how concerned celebrities can contribute to ending sweatshop abuses. In 2006, mayor Richard M. Daley awarded Combs with a pair of cufflinks to commemorate the inauguration of an annual October 13 "Diddy Day" in the city of Chicago.[20] Combs received the honor as reward for certain "charitable work" at the Chicago City Hall. This has been seen by some to be an election-month stunt by the mayor. Combs also owns two upscale restaurants called "Justin's" (named after his son) with locations in New York and in Atlanta. He is the designer of the green Dallas Mavericks alternate jersey. He appeared as a drug dealer in the film Made, and he played the role of Walter Lee Younger in the critically acclaimed 2004 Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun. Combs says he loved appearing in the show and being given the opportunity to perform at the theater. He attracted huge crowds for his performance in the New York production, received mixed reviews, and admits he is desperate to pursue an acting career. He also starred with Halle Berry and Billy Bob Thornton in the film Monster's Ball. He also starred in Carlito's Way: Rise to Power. Diddy has mentioned that he would be interested in playing the black-version of James Bond. [edit] Controversy He has been criticized for watering down and overly commercializing hip-hop for a mainstream market and as overusing guest appearances by other artists as well as samples and interpolations of past hits for the majority of his own hit songs.[21] [22] The Onion parodied this phenomenon in an article titled "New rap song samples Billie Jean in its entirety, adds nothing."[23] Nevertheless, he has been enormously successful, with a current estimated worth of US $346 million and growing, making him one of the richest person in the hip hop entertainment business.[24] In 1991, Combs promoted a concert headlined by Heavy D. The concert was held at a City College of New York gymnasium following an AIDS charity basketball game. The event was massively overcrowded; it was oversold to almost twice the capacity of the gymnasium. In addition, thousands without tickets were outside. In order to keep them from sneaking in, Combs' people shut the only door to a stairwell and put a table behind it, despite the crowd jammed inside pounding on the door and pleading for help. At some point people in the crowd outside broke several glass doors in an attempt to get in; this caused a stampede inside the gymnasium in which nine people died.[5] In a 1999 ruling, a Court of Claims judge found Combs and Heavy D. 50 percent responsible for the incident, City College bore the rest of the responsibility in part for abandoning security responsibility to Combs, even though they knew the event was oversold. In 1992, Combs entered into an agreement with Hartford, Connecticut, disc jockey JC Big Balla Sledge to start a label in Hartford for the citys untapped talent, named Hip Hart Beat Records. The pair had creative differences over the usage of talent and eventually split. In a statement to Rolling Stone Magazine, JC said, Sean and I remain friends, just not as close as we once were. Our split where it relates to business was because we saw two totally different avenues. I wanted to drive left and go the way of Def Jam and its mainstay of artists and Puffy [Combs] wanted to drive right, business as usual. We all knew what that meant. I dont have to spell it outjust look at Bad Boys roster and its history. The split was amicable; litigation was an option, but why. Hip Hart Beat Records will one day become a reality. We are close now. In December 1999, Combs was accused of assaulting Steve Stoute of Interscope Records. Stoute was the manager for Nas, whose video for "Hate Me Now" featured Nas being crucified. Though Combs had willingly filmed the video scene earlier that year, he demanded that the images be removed. Stoute's refusal led to an argument and Combs' arrest for aggravated assault. This was followed by a yet more negative publicity as The Lox left Bad Boy Records, and a recording session with Lil' Kim and Lil' Cease, both of Biggie's Junior M.A.F.I.A. posse, was interrupted by gunfire. In December 1999, Combs and his then-girlfriend, Jennifer Lopez, were at Club New York, a midtown Manhattan nightclub, when gunfire broke out. After a police investigation, Combs and fellow rapper Shyne were arrested for weapons violations and other charges. Combs was indicted after his driver claimed that Combs had tried to bribe him into taking the weapon after the shooting. With bribery charges added to the bill, Combs was being attacked in the tabloids on a near-daily basis. Before the trial was over, Combs found himself in court on numerous civil charges. With a gag order in place, the highly-publicized trial began. His attorney was Johnnie L. Cochran Jr.. After the trial was over, Combs was acquitted, but his artist Shyne was convicted on the same charges and sentenced to ten years in prison. A talent agency then sued Combs for unfair competition, as did a woman who rented an apartment owned by Combs; she claimed he refused to rid the house of vermin. Combs then launched his own lawsuit against a writer who did not follow through on an alleged agreement to help write Combs' biography. Combs was soon acquitted of all charges relating to the shooting incident, followed almost immediately by a break-up with Lopez. With the media circus over, Combs changed his stage name from "Puff Daddy" to "P. Diddy".[25] In February 2004, Combs settled a $3 million lawsuit filed by his former driver, Fenderson, who said he suffered emotional damage after the club shooting four years earlier. Lawyers for both sides, having agreed to keep the settlement terms secret, refused to say what it took to resolve the case. They would say only that the matter was resolved to the satisfaction of all parties. In June 2005, it was revealed by Ganglandnews.com[26] that Combs is allegedly a close friend of reputed Gambino Mafia family enforcer, Andrew Campos. In October 2007, he was sued by hip-hop promoter James Waldon for allegedly unleashing three violent bodyguards on him in a New York nightclub.[27] (Less)
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14, 02:31, 2008-04-27 14:17:09 Description: Read Description Please! This is the eighteenth track from the Devil May Cry Anime OST. The OST is really well done with quite a varitey of different types of music. As all of you I am sure are (More) Read Description Please! This is the eighteenth track from the Devil May Cry Anime OST. The OST is really well done with quite a varitey of different types of music. As all of you I am sure are already aware I am a huge Anime fan and a mega fan of Asian Esp Japanese Culture In general and this was a great Anime IMO. I love the Anime of this amazing video game series and the only thing that left me wanting more was NO VERGIL :( But aside from that this was a really great anime series and it was kinda short at only 12 episodes but they were all kick ass and Remember DANTE likes strawberry sundaes XD This one Weighs in at 25 tracks total. As always I hope you enjoy and feel free to comment and or rate.
This is track eighteen and it is called Netherworld
and it is 4:28 seconds. I think from now on I will use numbers for the tracks in the Title of the main Video I'll Just put the number instead of writing it out due to space restraints.
Disclaimer!!! Absolutely none of this is my work!!! This and all other tracks are performed by Capcom/Rungran and thier respected Composers/Musicans!!! I take absolutely no credit for this music whatsoever in any way shape and or form!!!
All I am trying to do is share this great music from these great Games and Anime and hope that others will enjoy it as much as I do. I wonder for how many people will it bring back memories? I can say for myself whenever I listen to these soundtracks esp of older games and anime It brings back a lot of great memories. Like finally beating that boss and Then finishing the game and that sense of wonder you got from just playing these great games and seeing these anime for the first time and hearing the great music. I dont know about you guys and gals but when I was younger a lot of times I would always check out the BGM feature on games and listen to what awesome songs these games had to offer sometimes over and over and over again. I guess I will always be a kid on the inside since I still do that to this day ;)
Please Feel Free To Comment and Rate If You Want To!
Btw a Great man named Aaron Influenced me to use his rules and they are...Haters,Spammers, And Flamers As Well as First Commenters Will Be Blocked!!! I am sorry I will accept Creative Criticism as long as its not negative IE "Man You Suck And This Video Sucks And This Song Sucks To And So Does Your Mom!" I am just not a negative and or hateful person So I would appreciate it if you would understand that and not be one either.
Thank You and Subscribe if you want to or just enjoy the music!
Btw The beginning song is from The Verve and is called "Bitter Sweet Symphony" Which All Credit Goes To The Verve and Thier respected Composers/Musicans! (Less)
Channel: youtubeTags: Anime Cry Dante Demon Devil Game Lady May Music Netherworld OST Series Sparda Trigger Trish Vergil Video
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52, 00:26, 2007-07-20 19:03:28 Description: Fishing Industry in Sicily - http://www.sensationalsicily.com
Medieval Fishing off Sicily - The most important fishing industry of the medieval Mediterranean was, arguably, in Sicily, and even (More) Fishing Industry in Sicily - http://www.sensationalsicily.com
Medieval Fishing off Sicily - The most important fishing industry of the medieval Mediterranean was, arguably, in Sicily, and even there fish played a modest albeit constant role in the food of the island. There were two kinds of fish caught in the fifteenth century, the so-called blue fish, mostly sardines and anchovies that had some limited economic importance in Sicily's export trade, and the white fish, such as John Dory, turbot, sea bass, grouper, comber, etc., which were secondary in economic importance. However, fish had no overall importance in either the diet or the economy of medieval Sicily and the total number of fishermen was few. But the fasting prescriptions of the church assured that fish would always be in demand. In data for the vice-regent from 1415 we see that fresh and dried fish were bought ten days out of the month. On Friday and Saturday, fresh fish, eel, salted little tuna, and eggs were eaten instead of meat.
Messina, Cefalù, Termini, Trapani, and Palermo were the five fishing centers of Sicily in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, all fishing sardines for the most part. Fish were in seasonal demand and especially during Lent, when church-mandated fasting requirements limited the amount of meat that could be eaten. During the winter, the fishing industry was involved in salting sardines and, especially, tonnina (little tuna, Euthynnus alletteratus).
The fishermen encircled the shoals of fish with their seine nets and unloaded their catch directly onto the beach. The fish were processed for salting, a small amount perhaps set aside for local cooks of these coastal villages, while the fishermen victualed their boats with bread and wine. Villages of the interior ate freshwater fish from local rivers and streams or eels from the Simeto River near Paterno. In the twelfth century eels were caught in a complicated device called a tarusi, consisting of a series of chambers whereby the eel is unable to turn around and get out.
Palermo was the most important of the five fishing towns in medieval Sicily, and in the fourteenth century the fishermen lived in an area of the city near the sea called the Kalsa. A fisherman's life was a poor and hard one. The Kalsa still exists and even today one finds fishermen, smugglers, and mafiosi (so they say) living there. It was in Palermo where the net- makers were and where most of the fishermen could be recruited.
Fishing zones were well demarcated and the fishing of sardines from Termini was the economically most important fishing activity. The zone off Trapani was rich in fish, and we know that agents for the royal kitchen of the Angevin King in Naples, Charles d'Anjou, came here in 1270 to buy dacteri (flying fish?) and cervige (amberjack?). The zone off Messina was known for its swordfish and it still is.
Fish were also caught in more rudimentary ways using traditional techniques that go back to the Arab era and earlier. Usually this meant two men in a boat with a net. The Arab influence on Sicilian fishing and nautical affairs in general is attested to by the Sicilian fishing and nautical vocabulary which is thoroughly rooted in the Arabic language. Take, for instance, the Sicilian word xabica, the big fishing net that is attached to shore and moved seaward in a great sweeping swath by a bark, a small sailing ship. The word derives from the Arabic word shabaka, meaning "net." But as some scholars have pointed out, the interplay among Arabo-Berber, Italo-Siculo, Arab, and Turkish cultures was complex enough to find influence a constant two- and even three- way street in the Mediterranean Sea when it comes to nautical matters.
There were fishermen who used another kind of net called a spiruni which was very thin and expensive to purchase. The archdeacon of Cefalù bought three of these nets in 1431. They had eighteen stitchings and cost as much as a ton of fresh fish. Other kinds of nets were the rizza, a bit bigger and made of plaited grass cording, used for larger fish. The nassa was a complicated device used for catching eels or lobster and those fishermen who used them were called nassaroli.
The business of fishing in Sicily was already an ancient profession and well organized by the fifteenth century. But fishing comprised a whole ensemble of activities that went far beyond fishing. There were instrument makers, cordage makers, fishing zone administrators, packers, haulers, net makers, and salters, as well as the fishermen. Curiously, at the end of the fourteenth century and into the fifteenth century many fishermen came from the tiny island of Lipari off Sicily's north coast.
"Mattanza: Love and Death in the Sea of Sicily" by Theresa Maggio
A writer explores her obsession with an ancient Sicilian ritual steeped in the erotics of killing.
June 5, 2000 | "I had found my island, and I wanted to stay forever," Theresa Maggio writes in "Mattanza," her valentine to tiny Favignana, off the coast of Sicily, where each spring for several years she witnessed the tonnara, a ritualized tuna hunt dating from ancient times. She's riveted by the mattanza, the moment at which the giant bluefin tuna, having been herded into an elaborate netting system, are hauled one by one onto the fishing boats and killed. In the process of documenting the history and customs of the tonnaroti, the tuna fishermen, Maggio lays bare her own quest to become part of life on the stark, beautiful island. Her quixotic desire is to be more than a tourist, more than a journalist -- to become a member of Favignana's eccentric cast of characters herself.
Maggio finds the ritual hunt close to mythical, with its songs and invocations, its bloody celebration of "the wheel of life, death and rebirth." The traps are set to take advantage of the bluefin's yearly migration to the Mediterranean to spawn, and Maggio dwells lovingly on this fusion of sex and death:
It is possible that some of the captured tuna that swims into Favignana's trap began life there when their parents, in a last-ditch effort to procreate, ejected their sperm and eggs as they were being killed. Sex, death, and begetting mingle in this briny vessel of primordial juices.
She's obviously turned on by the erotics of hunting and killing.gustibus non est disputandum, I guess, but she lost me as she worked this theme. At one point, having gotten a strikingly masculine tonnaroto into her bed, she seizes the chance to ask the burning question: "How does it feel to kill a giant bluefin with your bare hands?" He's not impressed with the direction their pillow talk is taking, and she never gets an answer.
Scenes like that have an appealing element of self-deprecation; but in the end Maggio's self-exposure undermines the more serious aspects of her project. There's a neediness to the way she longs to be accepted by the tonnaroti, not to mention the women and older men in Favignana's piazza and cafes. In many ways she's butting her head against a wall, and she knows it. There's no easy social slot for her to fit into in Sicily, no place for an unmarried, independent woman in her late 30s who bicycles around town and crouches in boats, scribbling notes as the tonnaroti work. Again and again she's asked, "Why don't you get married and quit writing books?" The Favignani are warm and generous to her, and she does achieve her fondest hope when the rais -- the distant, autocratic leader of the tuna hunt -- tells her, "You are a tonnorota, a member of the crew." I'm sure it was a heartfelt moment, but she should know that Italians are prone to extravagance. The truth is, she'll always be a bit of a freak to them.
By not acknowledging the tension between the ways she feels accepted and the ways she'll never truly fit in, Maggio ends up sentimentalizing the Favignani and their vanishing way of life. Her account of the history of the Sicilian tuna fishing industry suffers from a similar tendency to gloss over ugly realities. She has done plenty of research, but the overall picture is so idyllic, with centuries of beloved, benevolent bosses and humble, satisfied workers, that it strains credulity. And while I'm as annoyed as the next Italian-American by knee-jerk references to the Mafia in discussions of anything Italian, come on -- there's not one mention of La Cosa Nostra in this book. Did this single corner of Sicily really remain pure?
Most disturbing, Maggio lets emotion color her treatment of complicated issues, notably the role of the Japanese in the tuna fishing industry. She casts them as wily, ruinous intruders whose interest in the time-honored rituals of the tonnara is not as pure as hers and whose taste for tuna meat is somehow deplorable. ("It was only the insatiable appetite of the Japanese for bluefin that kept the Favignana tonnara afloat in recent years ... The Japanese waited with sharp knives at Castiglione's slaughterhouse for the Chamber of Death to give up its fruit.") She's angry at a Japanese film crew for filming the mattanza and getting "the royal treatment" from the rais, "close to tears" when they're invited onto the boat one day and she's not. It's a tricky issue; I'd have liked less of Maggio's schoolgirlish resentment and more information on the politics of the tuna industry and the choices facing the tonnaroti.
Luckily, the Favignani resist Maggio's wish that they be either larger than life or less than complexly human. In the end, they emerge from "Mattanza" as people blessed to live in a naturally sumptuous place, hanging on to what they can in a world that's less and less under their control.
Mattanza
For hundreds of years, fishermen in Sicily and Sardinia have used dense nets to capture the Mediterranean bluefin tuna (thunnus thinnus) in a quasi-spiritual procedure known as the mattanza. This takes place in May and June, when the giant fish swim past the coasts. In Sicily, the few remaining mattanzas take place off the island's western point among the Egadi Islands. The term "mattanza" comes to us from an old Spanish word, matar, meaning "to kill." Many terms, such as rais (head fisherman of the mattanza), are actually Arabic in origin, introduced in the ninth century when, during the Arab domination of Sicily, the technique became popular. There are indications, however, that it is much older, possibly originating, in some form, in the Phoenician or Carthaginian era. Averaging over two hundred kilograms (over four hundred pounds), the fish are now popular in the Japanese market, where the delicious red meat is used in sashimi and sushi. It must be said that this fresh tasty meat is a breed apart from the bland whitish stuff sold in cans. Bluefin, many of which escape into the Atlantic, may also be consumed young.
The keys to a successful mattanza, apart from the obvious questions of supply (overfishing has reduced the number of larger tuna in recent years) and weather, are organisation and technique. A series of vast nets are lowered into the water. The tuna are captured in successive nets which are gradually restricted in size and raised toward the surface, where the fish are attacked with what might be described as large spears in a sophisticated trap system.
Reaching 4.3 meters (14 feet) in length and weighing as much as 800 kilograms (1800 pounds), the bluefin is the largest tuna, surpassing the skipjack, albacore, yellowfin and bigeye. Unlike these other worldwide species, the bluefin lives in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.
The network of net chambers is called an isola (island). One of the interesting things about the mattanza is the team effort of the numerous fishermen involved in each catch. From his boat, the rais directs the work of the men in the other small boats. Because a mattanza is the catch of an entire school of fish, dozens of tuna may be captured. The ambience of bloody water and particularly large fish, which may be compared to cattle or large game, leaves one with a singular impression. There's nothing like watching the fish struggle as they are herded into ever smaller, shallower net chambers (the final one is called the "chamber of death") and finally lifted onto the boats. Indeed, the term mattanza has found its way into the Italian vernacular as a synonym for "massacre."
Just how long the mattanza itself survives remains to be seen. As time passes, the tuna are diminishing in size and numbers, while demand increases in world markets. This has prompted legal restrictions. A hundred years ago, there were dozens of small "tonnare" (tuna canneries) along the Sicilian coasts, though the word "tonnara" originally referred to the complex series of nets used in tuna fishing during the mattanza. The occupation of tuna fishing was more widespread, with hundreds of tonnarotti (tuna fishermen) throughout Sicily. Tunny fishing has usually been a seasonal profession in Sicily, with the tonnarotti catching other fish during the autumn and winter.
Breaded fried tuna steaks are a traditional Sicilian specialty. Tuna steaks are also good simply grilled. For something different, try it "Japanese-Sicilian" style --raw sprinkled with varietal extra virgin olive oil and freshest lemon juice. (Less)
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17, 00:26, 2008-04-21 16:17:25 Description: Fishing Industry in Sicily - http://www.sensationalsicily.com Medieval Fishing off Sicily - The most important fishing industry of the medieval Mediterranean was, arguably, in Sicily, and even there (More) Fishing Industry in Sicily - http://www.sensationalsicily.com Medieval Fishing off Sicily - The most important fishing industry of the medieval Mediterranean was, arguably, in Sicily, and even there fish played a modest albeit constant role in the food of the island. There were two kinds of fish caught in the fifteenth century, the so-called blue fish, mostly sardines and anchovies that had some limited economic importance in Sicily's export trade, and the white fish, such as John Dory, turbot, sea bass, grouper, comber, etc., which were secondary in economic importance. However, fish had no overall importance in either the diet or the economy of medieval Sicily and the total number of fishermen was few. But the fasting prescriptions of the church assured that fish would always be in demand. In data for the vice-regent from 1415 we see that fresh and dried fish were bought ten days out of the month. On Friday and Saturday, fresh fish, eel, salted little tuna, and eggs were eaten instead of meat. Messina, Cefalù, Termini, Trapani, and Palermo were the five fishing centers of Sicily in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, all fishing sardines for the most part. Fish were in seasonal demand and especially during Lent, when church-mandated fasting requirements limited the amount of meat that could be eaten. During the winter, the fishing industry was involved in salting sardines and, especially, tonnina (little tuna, Euthynnus alletteratus). The fishermen encircled the shoals of fish with their seine nets and unloaded their catch directly onto the beach. The fish were processed for salting, a small amount perhaps set aside for local cooks of these coastal villages, while the fishermen victualed their boats with bread and wine. Villages of the interior ate freshwater fish from local rivers and streams or eels from the Simeto River near Paterno. In the twelfth century eels were caught in a complicated device called a tarusi, consisting of a series of chambers whereby the eel is unable to turn around and get out. Palermo was the most important of the five fishing towns in medieval Sicily, and in the fourteenth century the fishermen lived in an area of the city near the sea called the Kalsa. A fisherman's life was a poor and hard one. The Kalsa still exists and even today one finds fishermen, smugglers, and mafiosi (so they say) living there. It was in Palermo where the net- makers were and where most of the fishermen could be recruited. Fishing zones were well demarcated and the fishing of sardines from Termini was the economically most important fishing activity. The zone off Trapani was rich in fish, and we know that agents for the royal kitchen of the Angevin King in Naples, Charles d'Anjou, came here in 1270 to buy dacteri (flying fish?) and cervige (amberjack?). The zone off Messina was known for its swordfish and it still is. Fish were also caught in more rudimentary ways using traditional techniques that go back to the Arab era and earlier. Usually this meant two men in a boat with a net. The Arab influence on Sicilian fishing and nautical affairs in general is attested to by the Sicilian fishing and nautical vocabulary which is thoroughly rooted in the Arabic language. Take, for instance, the Sicilian word xabica, the big fishing net that is attached to shore and moved seaward in a great sweeping swath by a bark, a small sailing ship. The word derives from the Arabic word shabaka, meaning "net." But as some scholars have pointed out, the interplay among Arabo-Berber, Italo-Siculo, Arab, and Turkish cultures was complex enough to find influence a constant two- and even three- way street in the Mediterranean Sea when it comes to nautical matters. There were fishermen who used another kind of net called a spiruni which was very thin and expensive to purchase. The archdeacon of Cefalù bought three of these nets in 1431. They had eighteen stitchings and cost as much as a ton of fresh fish. Other kinds of nets were the rizza, a bit bigger and made of plaited grass cording, used for larger fish. The nassa was a complicated device used for catching eels or lobster and those fishermen who used them were called nassaroli. The business of fishing in Sicily was already an ancient profession and well organized by the fifteenth century. But fishing comprised a whole ensemble of activities that went far beyond fishing. There were instrument makers, cordage makers, fishing zone administrators, packers, haulers, net makers, and salters, as well as the fishermen. Curiously, at the end of the fourteenth century and into the fifteenth century many fishermen came from the tiny island of Lipari off Sicily's north coast. "Mattanza: Love and Death in the Sea of Sicily" by Theresa Maggio A writer explores her obsession with an ancient Sicilian ritual steeped in the erotics of killing. June 5, 2000 | "I had found my island, and I wanted to stay forever," Theresa Maggio writes in "Mattanza," her valentine to tiny Favignana, off the coast of Sicily, where each spring for several years she witnessed the tonnara, a ritualized tuna hunt dating from ancient times. She's riveted by the mattanza, the moment at which the giant bluefin tuna, having been herded into an elaborate netting system, are hauled one by one onto the fishing boats and killed. In the process of documenting the history and customs of the tonnaroti, the tuna fishermen, Maggio lays bare her own quest to become part of life on the stark, beautiful island. Her quixotic desire is to be more than a tourist, more than a journalist -- to become a member of Favignana's eccentric cast of characters herself. Maggio finds the ritual hunt close to mythical, with its songs and invocations, its bloody celebration of "the wheel of life, death and rebirth." The traps are set to take advantage of the bluefin's yearly migration to the Mediterranean to spawn, and Maggio dwells lovingly on this fusion of sex and death: It is possible that some of the captured tuna that swims into Favignana's trap began life there when their parents, in a last-ditch effort to procreate, ejected their sperm and eggs as they were being killed. Sex, death, and begetting mingle in this briny vessel of primordial juices. She's obviously turned on by the erotics of hunting and killing.gustibus non est disputandum, I guess, but she lost me as she worked this theme. At one point, having gotten a strikingly masculine tonnaroto into her bed, she seizes the chance to ask the burning question: "How does it feel to kill a giant bluefin with your bare hands?" He's not impressed with the direction their pillow talk is taking, and she never gets an answer. Scenes like that have an appealing element of self-deprecation; but in the end Maggio's self-exposure undermines the more serious aspects of her project. There's a neediness to the way she longs to be accepted by the tonnaroti, not to mention the women and older men in Favignana's piazza and cafes. In many ways she's butting her head against a wall, and she knows it. There's no easy social slot for her to fit into in Sicily, no place for an unmarried, independent woman in her late 30s who bicycles around town and crouches in boats, scribbling notes as the tonnaroti work. Again and again she's asked, "Why don't you get married and quit writing books?" The Favignani are warm and generous to her, and she does achieve her fondest hope when the rais -- the distant, autocratic leader of the tuna hunt -- tells her, "You are a tonnorota, a member of the crew." I'm sure it was a heartfelt moment, but she should know that Italians are prone to extravagance. The truth is, she'll always be a bit of a freak to them. By not acknowledging the tension between the ways she feels accepted and the ways she'll never truly fit in, Maggio ends up sentimentalizing the Favignani and their vanishing way of life. Her account of the history of the Sicilian tuna fishing industry suffers from a similar tendency to gloss over ugly realities. She has done plenty of research, but the overall picture is so idyllic, with centuries of beloved, benevolent bosses and humble, satisfied workers, that it strains credulity. And while I'm as annoyed as the next Italian-American by knee-jerk references to the Mafia in discussions of anything Italian, come on -- there's not one mention of La Cosa Nostra in this book. Did this single corner of Sicily really remain pure? Most disturbing, Maggio lets emotion color her treatment of complicated issues, notably the role of the Japanese in the tuna fishing industry. She casts them as wily, ruinous intruders whose interest in the time-honored rituals of the tonnara is not as pure as hers and whose taste for tuna meat is somehow deplorable. ("It was only the insatiable appetite of the Japanese for bluefin that kept the Favignana tonnara afloat in recent years ... The Japanese waited with sharp knives at Castiglione's slaughterhouse for the Chamber of Death to give up its fruit.") She's angry at a Japanese film crew for filming the mattanza and getting "the royal treatment" from the rais, "close to tears" when they're invited onto the boat one day and she's not. It's a tricky issue; I'd have liked less of Maggio's schoolgirlish resentment and more information on the politics of the tuna industry and the choices facing the tonnaroti. Luckily, the Favignani resist Maggio's wish that they be either larger than life or less than complexly human. In the end, they emerge from "Mattanza" as people blessed to live in a naturally sumptuous place, hanging on to what they can in a world that's less and less under their control. Mattanza For hundreds of years, fishermen in Sicily and Sardinia have used dense nets to capture the Mediterranean bluefin tuna (thunnus thinnus) in a quasi-spiritual procedure known as the mattanza. This takes place in May and June, when the giant fish swim past the coasts. In Sicily, the few remaining mattanzas take place off the island's western point among the Egadi Islands. The term "mattanza" comes to us from an old Spanish word, matar, meaning "to kill." Many terms, such as rais (head fisherman of the mattanza), are actually Arabic in origin, introduced in the ninth century when, during the Arab domination of Sicily, the technique became popular. There are indications, however, that it is much older, possibly originating, in some form, in the Phoenician or Carthaginian era. Averaging over two hundred kilograms (over four hundred pounds), the fish are now popular in the Japanese market, where the delicious red meat is used in sashimi and sushi. It must be said that this fresh tasty meat is a breed apart from the bland whitish stuff sold in cans. Bluefin, many of which escape into the Atlantic, may also be consumed young. The keys to a successful mattanza, apart from the obvious questions of supply (overfishing has reduced the number of larger tuna in recent years) and weather, are organisation and technique. A series of vast nets are lowered into the water. The tuna are captured in successive nets which are gradually restricted in size and raised toward the surface, where the fish are attacked with what might be described as large spears in a sophisticated trap system. Reaching 4.3 meters (14 feet) in length and weighing as much as 800 kilograms (1800 pounds), the bluefin is the largest tuna, surpassing the skipjack, albacore, yellowfin and bigeye. Unlike these other worldwide species, the bluefin lives in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. The network of net chambers is called an isola (island). One of the interesting things about the mattanza is the team effort of the numerous fishermen involved in each catch. From his boat, the rais directs the work of the men in the other small boats. Because a mattanza is the catch of an entire school of fish, dozens of tuna may be captured. The ambience of bloody water and particularly large fish, which may be compared to cattle or large game, leaves one with a singular impression. There's nothing like watching the fish struggle as they are herded into ever smaller, shallower net chambers (the final one is called the "chamber of death") and finally lifted onto the boats. Indeed, the term mattanza has found its way into the Italian vernacular as a synonym for "massacre." Just how long the mattanza itself survives remains to be seen. As time passes, the tuna are diminishing in size and numbers, while demand increases in world markets. This has prompted legal restrictions. A hundred years ago, there were dozens of small "tonnare" (tuna canneries) along the Sicilian coasts, though the word "tonnara" originally referred to the complex series of nets used in tuna fishing during the mattanza. The occupation of tuna fishing was more widespread, with hundreds of tonnarotti (tuna fishermen) throughout Sicily. Tunny fishing has usually been a seasonal profession in Sicily, with the tonnarotti catching other fish during the autumn and winter. Breaded fried tuna steaks are a traditional Sicilian specialty. Tuna steaks are also good simply grilled. For something different, try it "Japanese-Sicilian" style --raw sprinkled with varietal extra virgin olive oil and freshest lemon juice. (Less)
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39, 10:02, 2008-04-21 16:25:06 Description: Caucasus - is a cradle of ancient civilisations, created by people inhabited this territory, which preserved rich material and cultural legacy of ancient state Albania. Azerbaijan is a heir of (More) Caucasus - is a cradle of ancient civilisations, created by people inhabited this territory, which preserved rich material and cultural legacy of ancient state Albania. Azerbaijan is a heir of Caucasian Albania and subsequent formations at its territory, and Albanians are the ones of ancestors of Azerbaijan nation. The most ancient Christian church in Caucasus - is Albanian church Kish, established in 1 -2 century A.D by apostle Elysee in Sheki region, and also temples Gandzasar and Amaras in Karabagh are still remained uptoday at places where at present live descendants of gunns, gels, alpnas, legs and udins. Albanian architecture of Karabagh. Karabagh is the most beuatiful and plenty land of Azerbaijan Republic. History of Karabagh starts from its deep anciency - land between two rivers Kura and Arax is one of most ancient centres of civilisation. There are a lot of facts which allow to suppose that this territory together with areas of the Meditteranean countries and Africa included in zone of humanity's motherland, that here also was a development of human being, as biosocial and social creature. And just here, in Azikh cave, were discovered the most ancient signs of life and human's activity. Owing to materials, discovered discovered in this cave, we start our history from very ancient period - age of ancient stony century (paleolith), more than 1 million years before. In Azikh was discovered a fragment of woman's jaw, lived approximately 350-400 thousand years before, what has a great significance. No doubt, that creators of Azikh culture already had mentality and developing speech, and also some elements of spiritual culture. Azikh human (azikhantrop) already knew what is the fire, arithmetic, had some initial notions about environment, at the base of which the religion originates. We have a suffiecient base to suppose, that azikhantrop has more than 300 hundred years before cosmological observations and etc. Karabakh's culture of Bronze Age and early Iron Age is reflected in funeral monuments. Monuments of this period prove close contacts wit southern countries. Bronze century brought many important changes. Especially it is seen from labour production increase. Develops half nomadic stock-breeding , crop-growing, craft, especially metallurgical production, ceramic work and etc. Second half of II- beginning of I thousand year B.C. - late Bronze Age and beginning of Iron century at the territory of Southern Caucusus, characterised by prosperity of metallurgy of the region which we are interested in, which stood in one range with metallurgical centres of Ancient East. This time of primitive society's decay and transition to early class relations in Karabagh zone. From number of most important and very interesting funeral monuments can be named Khojali, Archadzorski, Akhmakhinskiy burial-mound grave, Karabulag necropolis and others. War passes the same time together with stock-breeding, crop-growing and craft one of the main occupations of region's population. More fast rates are developing relations with Front Asia's countries. In graves of this period of time are discovered gold goods, obects made from mother-of-pearl and elephant's ivory, glazed vessels, cylindrical stamps, frozen beads, and at last, famous agate bead with a name of assirian kung Adadnerari, related, to the end of XIV-beginning XIII century A.D. In the beginning of I century B.C in south-western surroundings of Karabagh comes a new power-urarti. But they couldn't capture Karabagh. They suppose, that western part of Karabagh in urart sources was called Urtekhe-Urtekhini. To be correctly supposition about the fact that later name of the zone - Arcakh comes from Urtekhe, then, in spite of armenian authors' affirmations, it is completely indisputable , that it (name Arcakh) is not armenian, although because of the fact that during this period and later on there were no any armenians. In midian-akhamenidian age power of midians, and later Persians spreaded in South-Eastern Trans-Caucasus, including Karabakh. Range of circumstances allows to suppose, that this picture leads to midian age. That is why it is impossible not to agree with compilers of «Historical Information» (Upper Karabagh, Yerevan, 1988), that Arcakh, where lived utis, was located in «complement of Yerevandid Armeniya». For this fact they do not have any reasons. There are also no any facts to consider that even later (in IV century B.C ) Karabagh zone was a part of Armenia. If it would be so, in this case persian satrap of Midiya Atropat wouldn't have any possiblity to manage sakesins, populated in the land between two rivers Kura and Terter. And meanwhile it is know, that in Gavgamel fight (last third IV century B.C.)midians, whom managed Atropat, were united «with kadusians, albans and sakesins». Atropat and Atropatids controled these regions, evidently, accoridng to traditions and being political successors of midian and persian rulers. History catches Albanian tribes not only on the left coast of Kura, but also at the territory of the right coast. Speaking about ethnical population's belonging of Central and Eastern Trans-Caucasus in ancient age, it is important to note, that alhtough the zone during that period was out of written sources, we have no facts, in accordance with specialists' opinion, to think that before north-eastern-caucasian languages in this region were spreaded any other languages. For the last time more insistantly and more probably into north-eastern-caucasian language family, which composed from four and five branches, except khurrit, urart, and also nakh-dagestan languages, include some languages of Small Asia, Cyprus and Lemnos islands and others. Therefore etrus is also related here. There are some reasons to relate this family kutiy language - ancient population of Southern Azerbaijan and some adjacent regions. Also to this family relate the language of native population of Caucasian Albania -Albanian, which usually identificated with utiy (udiy) language. Speaking about ethnolanguage belonging of Albanians, it is necessary to note, that ancient writers, describing them, mark their beauty, high height, light hairs and grey eyes. Two last features-distinctive characteristics of ancient aborigen population, so called caucausian type, widely presented at present time in mountanious regions of Caucausian isthmus. And only one this feature allows to consider Albanians native population - autokhtons of South-Eastern Caucausus. All this mentioned above confirmed by others, particularly, archeological and language materials, and also historical tradition, connecting Albanians with utians - udians, speaking one of north-eastern-caucasian languages. Albanian tribes, as it is definitely testify archeology's data, couldn't come from outside not at the end of II, not beginning I thousand B.C, when in areas of Trans-Caucasus start establishing major cultur-ethnical units, including, as we suppose, - protoalbanian tribe union. It is important to note, that archeological cultures of Central and Eastern Trans-Caucases in age of late Bronze and early Iron were very close to each other and sharply distinguished about synchronic culture of Western Trans-Caucasus. All this is definitely signals establishment of bases of tribes union at the base of part of nakh-dagestan-khurrit tribes groups, about origin of conturs of future Albanian unity of tribes. Nothing confirms, that khodjali-kedabek, nakhichevan, talysh-mugan, kayakent-khorochoev cultures of Azerbaijan, connection of which with cultures preceded and consequent ages on the territory of Albania is indisputable, were brought to Azerbaijan or, that development of these ethnocultural units on the territory of Albania was stopped by processes of migrations, natural phenomenon and etc. To this north-eastern-caucasian languages family also is related the language of native population of Caucasian Albania, including Garabaga-utiy (udiy), with which is identificated the language of Albanians. As we do not have written memorials, which can consider Albanian, question about Albanian language can be decided only with the aid of indirect materials, data about uddins, uddin language and some other materials. It is undoubt, that modern udins, living in Kabalin (before Kutkashen) region, are heirs of utis -otens, about whom first informs Herodot, according to his data, they were included in XIV satrapiya of Akhemenid Power. Utis, as their neighbours, miki (muki), come out to historical arena in first quarter of V century B.C. , participating in Kserx march to Greece. Utiya area (Otena, Utik), located on the right coast of Kura, on the territory of Karabagh (approximately modern Barda-Imishli zone up to Arax), was one of most important areas of Caucasian Albania. No doubt that utis of Herodot - it is one of Albanian tribes (usually, as it was marked out before identificated with Albanians) utis-otens-uddins, lived in ancient time and in middle ages in Utita and neighbour areas. Also in period of middle ages the populate on very significant territory. In Karabagh uddins are testified in XIX century. At present time this tribe is about 6-7 thousand people live n Kabalin region. «Father of Armenian History» Movses Khorenaci considered utis as a tribe, comes from Aran - legendary ancestor - eponim aloan, i.e. Albanians. He wrote: «they say from descendants of Aran origin tribes - utiyns, gardmans, codeys and Gargar principality...» It is very important, that historical tradition, particularly armenian (and this fact is very important!), co-ordinates modern uddins with ancient Albanians, and uddins themselves up to recent times remembered, that according to origin - they are Albanians. In known letter for the name of Peter the First they wrote: «...we agvans (i.e. Albanians. ) are uttis by nation. Belonging of udins to dagestan group of north-eastern-caucasian languages family at present time is indisputable. In such a way Albanian language should be related to called language family, especially, that there are enough facts testifying hypothesis about uddin belonging of famous mingechaur inscriptions, language of which can be only Albanian - language of rulling tribe in Albania. Thus, all mentioned above allows to announce, that Albanians, speaking language and dialects of north-eastern-caucasian language family, people who spoke this language populated from Nothern Caucasus and till islands of Aegean sea are autokhons of south-eastern Trans-Caucasus. It can not be said about armenians and armenian language, which could appear in areas of Trans-Caucasus (until not Garabagh) not earlier the age of expasionist wars of Artaxiy and Zariadriy, i.e. after II century B.C. All importunate affirmations of armenian nationalist scientists of culture in different suits about «autoakhton» of armenians and armenian language in Trans-Caucasus do not have any relation to the science and is considered as falcification. Now it is known that Armenia is not a motherland of armenian ethnos. History catches armenian tribes far away from Armenia. Authoritative scientists (particularly I.M Dyakonov), suppose, that ancient armenian nation turned out to Upper Euphrates valley approximately II --first I thousand B.C. For the short period of time armenians, moved to wider territory, capture it and assimilate population. Thus, in 11-1 B.C was created «Great Armenia». Armenian Aggression couldn't be inperceptible by Strabon, who wrote: «...Armenia, before was a small country, increased by wars of Artaksiy and Zariadriy...They together widened their domains, reduced part of areas of surrounded nations, and precisely: they took away from midians (atropatens. -- editor) Caspiana, Favnitida and Basoropedu; from ibers -- foothills of Pariadra, Khorzen and Xerkxen, from kataons -- Akilisen and area around Antitavra: and from sirians -- Taropitilu. So already at the dawn of their history armenians acting according to their ethical social-psychological character, robbing their neighbors, conquering their lands, and this evidently aggressive process in spite of obvious facts armenian scientists try to represent it as " unification of armenian speaking areas" . Armenian expansion in different periods spreaded around and to some Trans-Caucasian areas. However Karabagh in age of creation "Great Armenia" in II-I c B.C was not conquered by armenians. And in I-IV c "Great Armenia" couldn't lead afessive politics, as it was itself in alternative dependence now Rome now Parfia. Armenian in the whole range of considerations couldn't be , of course, autokhtons of Karabagh zone. Last odontologist investigations once more testify that as a fact of matter armenians on the territory of Karabagh - an element absolutely alien. The fact that armenians by considerable mass moved to Karabagh in late age, after completion of russian-iranian and russian-turkish wars in 20-30 XIX c., is testified by many written sources, and also armenians themselves, it seems, up to recent time didn't reject it, as in 1978 in Mardakert was established monument in honor of 150 anniversary installation of armenians to this district of Azerbaijan. True, later figure "150" was scraped off the monument. That zone of Karabagh (right coast of Kura) was conquered by armenians and was a constituent part of Albanian state, established approximately in III c B.C. testify the words of armenian author Movses Khorenani that Arap (legendary ancestor of albans) inherited the whole Albanian plain with its mountainous part ..., from river Eraskh (i.e. Arax - Editor) till fortress called Khnarakert (Astafa-Kazakh zone - Editor) " and that from descendants of Arap arised tribes - utis, gardmans, tsodeys and Gargar princedom. From numerous tribes mentioned above utis and tsavdeys - undoubtedly, and gargars - almost undoubtedly populated territory of Karabagh, on the right coast of Kura. That's why affirmation of many armenian scientists about the fact that border of " Great Armenia" passed by Kura is lie. Excluding accident attacks, and possibly, temporary captures of any albanian territories by Armenia, Albania I-IV c.., south borders of which passed by river Kura, owned by land between Kura and Arax. At the end of antiquity Karabagh zone remained ethnically and politically uti-albanian area of independent Albanian state. Colonization and armenization of population on this territory - are late facts, which were described by academicians I.A. Orbeli, S.T. Yeremyan and other scientists. S.T. Yeremyan wrote: "Great number of Christian monuments, significant part of which related to before - Arabic period, saved in armenisied part of ancient Albania on the territories of ancient albanian areas Artsakh (autonomous area of Upper Karabagh and neighborly north-eastern spurs of Maly Caucasus, including Shamshadil and Idjivan districts of Armenian S.S.R) and Utik, where at present time basically live armenian population". Academician I.A. Orbeli wrote plainly about capture by "armenian feudals" areas of Upper Karabagh. Completely indisputable, that present armenian speaking population of Upper Karabagh, except those, which were resettled here in XIX c - these are no armenians but descendants of armenisied albanian population. This truth was well known to educated people already in XIX c. V.L. Velichenko wrote on this fact: "An exception was wrong called by armenians citizens of Karabagh., confessing armenian-grigorian faith... and armenisied only three-four centuries ago". In political attitude zone of Upper Karabakh in I-VI c was indisputably under authority of albanian Arshakids, and in VII-VIII c - great princes Mikhraneeds. In the beginning of VIII c in result of arabian conquer albanian princedom fell. Tragically events of this period, active participant of which was armenian church, started progressive de-etisation of albanian ethos and grigorianisation, and later armenisation of part of population of Upper Karabagh zone. But albanian spirit was alive and thanks to this fact already in IX c Albanian princedom particularly was re-established and precisely on the territory of Upper Karabagh. In XII-XIII c in zone of Artsakh and Uti had been raising Khachen princedom, which, as trully considered by academician I.A. Orbeli , "was a part of ancient Albania". Brilliant development of this princedom, ruler of which was called also "prince of Albania", "surroundings' ruler of Albania", comes to the time of Hasan Jalal (1215-1261). It was a time of albanian renascence. Precisely in times of Hasan Jalal's ruling was built majestic Gandzasar monastery complex, later converted into "patronal cathedral of Albania", which armenians claim as armenian monument. It is important that in official documents of XVIII c were used such wordusages: "patriarch of saint great Kantsesar (Gandzasar -Editor) throne Agvan countries (Albanian - Editor)." It is very interesting that armenian author XVIII c Arakel Tavrizskiy names Karabagh "Country of Agvaees" (i.e. albanians - Editor). Ethical assimilation of grigorianised and in definite measure of armenisied population (that was a result of when arabians ended with sovereignty of Albania, and albanian church was under authority of armenian) mountainous Karabagh happened later. From all mentioned above comes indisputable conclusion, that so called armenians of Karabagh and properly azerbaijanians (which are descendants of albanian population) of North Azerbaijan are half brothers. And those and others - are completely undoubtedly former albanians and already that is why armenians for the territory of Upper Karabagh, where they moved by great mass after first quarter XIX c., do not have any rights. In age of middle ages zone of Upper Karabagh was included into azerbaijanian Karabagh (Ganja) beglyarbekstvo (princedom). From middle of XVIII till beginning of XIXc. on the territory of Karabagh existed azerbaijanian Karabagh khanate with suprematiya of azerbaijanians-"moslems". Karabagh had been joined to Russia not like armenian land, but as "moslem" property, what was testified in documents of those times. Creature in soviet times of UKAA was planned in advance by far-seeing armenian nationalists. This was a bomb of slow action, installed in the heart of azerbaijanian nation, tragically consequences of which our nation experienced repeatedly, and especially - last eight years of undeclared war. Started from age of early middle ages armenians not only try by different tricks "to prove", that Karabagh - is armenian land, but also make various attempts to conquer these our long-standing lands. Next attempt was done in the beginning of 1988... Undeclared war started. Armenians conquered not only territory of Upper Karabagh, but a lot of adjacent to it lands. Sacred war is going on. Armenians behave themselves on conquered territories like real robbers and bandits. Breaking regulations of UNESCO, they barbarianly destroy our monuments. It is enough to say that conquered Shusha armenians destroyed a lot. They not only destroyed monuments to Uzeir Gadjibekov, Bul-Bul, Natavan, but brutally shooted these monuments. These monuments were liberated from captivity owing to georgians and presently are in Art Museum. On the monuments are shown traces of brutality ... traces of numerous sub-machine guns and rifles bullets. Wise, peacemaking politics of President G.A. Aliyev allow to hope for soonest liberation of all azerbaijanian territories from armenian occupants and celebration of justice and peace on Karabagh land, on the whole territory of our republic. Truth is ours. Upper Karabagh - long-standing azerbaijanian land. Karabagh was and will be our land, in spite of all efforts and intrigues of our enemies. Monuments of Architecture Ancient land of Karabagh is very important hearth of Azerbaijan's civilization, where was formatted monumental memorials of architecture of great artistic and historical value for different purposes. Creators of these works of art, which were created in trade-handicraft cities and settlements on wide territory of the country, participated in complicated process of architecture formation of Middle East and by this way they brought weighty contribution into the treasury of world construction art. Monuments of ancient construction art of Karabagh, scrupulously and comprehensively studied during last decades, showed that they have significance in complicated cultural-historical process and take important place in architecture of azerbaijanianian nation. Successfully taken by scientists-historians, archeologists, architectures great systematic works on exposure, fixation and dimensions, deep study and restoration, with consequent regular publication of valuable results of these works created a base, leaning on which it will be necessary to continue scientific research and widely, deeply, introducing into range of monuments of national architectural -construction culture of the past more new masterpieces of our far ancestors - nameless experts, working under command of talented architectures. On the territory of Karabagh region of Azerbaijan located great number of monuments of moslem architecture and Caucasian Albania. These - are fortresses, palaces, mausoleums, mosques, monasteries, temples, caravansaries, bath-houses, bridges and people's habitable houses. (pic. 1) In this work we will pay attention on unique architectural monuments of Caucasian Albania Karabagh - complexes of structure of Agopan monastery in Lachin district, Khotavank monastery in Kelbajar district, Amarass monastery in Khodjavend district, monastery of saint Elysee and Gandzasar monastery in Agderen district of Azerbaijan. Complex of Agoglan monastery. To the number of most interesting culted structures related significant on dimensions temple of monasterial complex near river Agoglan in Lachin district (pic.2, 3). Temple's right-angled basilica has more significant dimensions. Two ranges from eight square supporting, columns-pylons divide internal space into three sections. Central, having four meters bay, section is twice more than lateral. Its height is also significant. All sections of praying hall blocked by arches of cylindrical forms, carried out from thoroughly cutted and durably brought to each other stones. Three sectional in plan building has a stretch proportion. Main section with big half rounded apsid and altar in bay and two narrow lateral sections with right-angled official premises-side-chapels located on both sides of altar niche. On big half - compasses form strong aperture of apsid located three narrow arched apertures, marking compositional center of temple. Monumental building of basilica, built from compact local stone - gray basalt, harmonizes with its severe environment beautiful itself mountainous land. Smooth facade flatness of building erupted in upper part by rarely located narrow window openings, through which illuminated internal space of the hall, with single entry on the lateral saide of facade. Symmetrically built balanced composition of stepped form of facades cutted by different sized light apertures - in center paired and of significant size illuminating main section and small - in two circles -- for lateral sections. Well-proportioned refined rotunda on thin columns, crowned by pyramid hipped roofs, located on hipped roofs of temple, what alives severe and expressive capacity of culted building. Revetment of walls inside of temple carried out from large roughly cutted stones, laid into laying with wide opened joints. This is explained by the fact that in the past walls of temple carried plaster cover, on the surface of which were carried tematical by subjects polychromatic paintings. This is testified by particularly saved on the north wall fragments with fresco paintings. Supporting pylon-columns and archvolts of arches over them reveted by well cutted large stony blocks. In upper parts of hall's interior was used decorative carving on the stone. Monastery on r. Agoglan is the main construction of existing in the past of monasteries complex with different purposes by habited and economic structures, grouping in yard's territory. Borders of monastery were taken in stony strong walls with existing arched aperture-entry. Presently from these numerous constructions remained only ruins. Monastery near r. Agoglap related to IXc. About Agoglan monastery there are works of M.Useynov, L. Bretanistskiy, A. Salamzade and K. Mamedzade. Complex of Khotavank monastery. One of the most ancient monasteries complexes is Khotavank monastery, located on the left coast of the river Terter in Kelbajar region. Complex includes: basilica, temple and chapel. Basilica is a long hall without internal collumns. Eastern part was completed by half rounded apsida. Window openings of the temple has a form of horse shoe (pic. 4, 5). On both sides of altar apsida located rounded in the plan vestries. Succeeded to find out, that they were built significantly later, than temple itself. Entry to these vestries leads from altar apsid, which is met rarely. During the research of the left vestry on its ceiling was discovered writing of one of the abbots of Khotavank monastery, lived in XIII c. Monasteries complex badly saved, only in relative safety we could see cathedral, built by albanian ruler Oganes Khachenskiy. This interesting creature of architectures of Caucasian Albania is very distinguished from culted architectural works of neighbored nations. Cathedral done asymmetrically in plan and in capacity-space construction. In consequent centuries near basilica temple, was raised a range of right-angled in plan churches and chapels, owing to which raised great culted complex, which became a residence of albanian bishop and one of the most important culted-instructive centers. From X up to XV c. Khotavank becomes Christian ecclesiastic centre of albanian Khachen princedom. In period of governing albanian ruler Vakhtank, son of Asan Jalal in Khotavank, monastery complex is widening. Here was activated coaching inn, library and church, constructed in 1214 by Vakhtank's wife Arzu-Khatun. Church was constructed for the memory of her husband and two sons. Good saved church is one of valuable monuments of architecture of early middleaged Albania. Church is not large, has two bas-reliefs: on eastern side over the window painted up to the waist prince and one saint - both of them keeping the temple's model, and on southern wall - two princes keeping the temple's model as well. In first case we should see in the picture husband of Arzu-Khatun with saint, and in the second - her two sons. Discovered ceramic goods during excavations of south-eastern temple's foundation allows to date it to VI-VII c. But further several times there were carried out renovation and repair works. About Khotavank complex there are works of R. Geyushev, K. Mamedzade, D. Akhundov Complex of Amarass monastery. Complex of Amarass monastery is located in settlement of Soye Khodjavend region. It consists from church - basilica, underground part, inhabited and economic constructions and stony serfed fence. (pic. 6, 7). Church in plan is right-angled. Internal space of church is divided by four pylons, located by two in a range, on three sections, and central - is more wide. Central section from eastern part ends with raised over the ceiling by altar apsyda, crowned half cupola. This is more higher section blocked by lancet arch. Lateral sections, with adjacent to them small premises, have usual cylindrical arches. Facades of church reveted with well worked stony blocks. Roof of the building - is gable, and western butt-end crowned with small six collumns belfry with tent pyramid cover. Doorway is fixed in the western wall. In 1970 during archeological research under altar apsyda of the church was dicovered underground premises (2x4m)*. It is blocked with arch and level of the ceiling is located at the depth of 5, 2 m from mark of church's ceiling. Slope to underground part of the church is laid by stony stairs, located from both sides: on eastern part of the premises there is a doorway. Sources inform about the period of this temple's construction - IVc. Territory of the church's complex is surrounded from four sides by serfed fence, which in plan has right-angled form and strenghtened by angled towers. On the south wall of the fortress located aperture with half compasses arch. Internal yard of fortress is divided into two parts. First is - house - hold yard, where located service premises and stable. Second part - is church yard, where located a church and inhabited houses. All inhabited and house-hold constructions are adjacent to serf wall. Their roofs give an opportunity to walk easily by the whole parameter of the walls, watching surroundings and in case of necessity to fight with a help gun-slots, located on all walls and angled towers. To the roof lead opened stony stairs, located near with angled towers. Archivolts of inhabited and house-hold constructions are laid from well cutted stones. External and internal walls are done from chopped stones. Date of complex's construction is related to IX c. Later there were carried out renovation works and present condition of the monument is dated XIII c. Characteristics of Amarass complex found a reflection in works of R. Geyushev, K. Mamedzade, D. Akhundov. Complex of St. Elysee's temple. Complex of St. Elysee's temple is located in settlement Magavuz of Agtseren region - on the left coast of river Egyshe at the height of 2000 m over the level of the sea. By a legend, the temple was constructed in IV c in honor of first preacher of Christianity in Albanina Elysee. Presently existed complex dated to XIV c. (pic 8). However archeological excavations, carried out in 1970 near eastern wall of the main temple, discovered many ancient constructive remains and domestic subjects. Complex is surrounded from all sides by serf fence. Fortress has western and eastern gates. Main entry is western gates - from point of view of defence attracts a very special attention. On the territory of fortress located eighteen objects of differrent purposes. This main temple, chapels, two floors inhabited house, house-hold premises and stables. Main temple consists from two premises. First - is a hall, which has in plan square form. Internal space is divided by 2 columns and shelves near the walls for three simalteneous sections, and central is higher. Sections blocked by cylindrical arch. Second premises - prayer hall - has right-angled form. Overhead cover is arched. Facades of temple reveted by cutted stones. On the roof of first premises is located a bell-tower. Second relatively small building - church - located on the right side of the main temple. In plan it has a right-angled form, internal space of which consists from right-angled in plan hall and adjacent to it from eastern part two apsyds. From the left and right side of the temple located six chapels. Inhabited house and one of house-holds premises located in south-eastern corner, another in the centre, and stables in north-eastern corner of the fortress. Connection with right coast territory could be established only with the help of one bay stony bridge via river Egyshe, ruins of which located at the distance of one killometer from fortress. Date of construcitve complex is related to XIVc. About the complex of St. Elysee there is data in works of R. Geyushev, K. Mamedzade. Complex of Gandzasar monastery. One of interesting culted constructions of XIII c is Gandzasar monastery, located in settlement Vanklu of Agderen region (pic. 9-11). Complex of Gandzasar monastery consists of main construction - temple, bell tower and fixed to it from western side a range of additional constructions, which are adjacent to serf walls from north side. In initial sources construction of Gandzasar complex is connected with the name of Khachen prince Asan Jalal. Construction of the monument started in 1216 and first constructions were completed in 1238. However it should be supposed that Asan Jalal had not constructed, but just reconstructed already existed albanian temple, possibly, of heathen period. Temple was illuminated in 1240. Vestibule was constructed by wife of Asan Jalal Mamkan-Khatun. Temple's architecture is cross-cupola composition, sources of which go back to VIII-IX c. It is necessary to note, that such planned composition is not met in culted buildings of eastern countries in IX c. In building's corners are located 2 elongated premises, connected by half rounded apsyda. In lower corners of the building in 2 floors are located choirs. Inside of the building by vertical rods stressed corners fo undercupola space, which frame central part of the temple. Arches of cross's branches (from the side of undercupola space) have lancet contour. Each spherical sail mounted by two carved plates with reserved not repeated ornaments (star, circle, square). In upper part of each spherical sail, on the plane, framed rod, painted high reliefs, heads of saint animals - bull, sheep. Temple inside is round and brough up of eight pairs of thin semi-columns - plaits, passing to hanging arches. External facades of Gandzasar temple transmit its internal cross-cupola composition. Building was put at five - stepped socle, which gives to it not only additional steady, but also compositional expression. In architectural composition of Gandzasar temple's facades very well used plane arches, formed by relief of double half rollers. Planes of walls of temple's north and south facades decorated by plastic relief identical by sizes of five arches. Over middle arch there is strictly profiled big cross. Undercupola drum of temple - 16 grains and each grain ends with small pediment-tongs. Accordingly to such completion of drum pyramidal cover of cupola got original folded-umbellate form. High drum and its completing tent rise above the whole building. Decoration of drum has a definite sense content, which gives to it sculptural pictures. Architecture of arch, leaned to complex system of layer stalactites, is a compositional kernel of vestibule. It should be noticed the completion of composition and perfection of architectural forms. Numerous elements of diophysit character testify the fact that temple is not Armenian but Albanian. About Gandzasar monastery there are works of R. Gsushev, A. Yakobson, K. Mamedzade, A. Akhadov. Such is a brief architectural characteristics of five monuments of Caucasian Albanian, located on the territory of Karabagh district of Azerbaijan. It is known that Armenian scientists try to prove by different ways that Caucasian Albania and its whole architecture is related to historical Armenia. Their claims for Albanian lands are deprived of any scientific foundation. Architectural - planning and constructive modes of monuments of Caucasian Albania differ from architectural monuments of Armenia. Distinctive feature of Albanian culted constructions, and especially monasteries and temples, is internal space - in type of four arched composition, which brings to cruciform in plan form. It is necessary to note that cross-cupola composition of temples first used in architecture of Azerbaijan. Sources of this composition go back to VIIIc. We also note that cross-cupola composition gets its further development not only in culted constructions, but also in memorial monuments of Azerbaijan. From other side, typical for Albanian temples planning mode in the way of four- and six columns three sectional basilica is seldom met in architectural monuments of Armenia. Typical way of compositional mode in culted construction, as in Moslem, and so in Albanian Christian architecture is settlement, on main facade sides, of monuments of open galleries. We can give as an example "Juma Mosque" in Shemakha, "Geokhar-Aga and The Lower Mosque" in Shusha, "Ambarass Mosque" in Ordubad, "Zardabi" Mosque, "Shakhsevanlar" and "Tatlar" in Gandja, main temple of Khotavank complex and so on. Albanian architects of Azerbaijan worked out its own constructive and constructional methods, achieved of great perfectness in artistic carving on stone. It is known from considered by us beautiful monuments of Karabagh region of Azerbaijan. (Less)
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![[M.3] Kobe Bryant:Tough Times](http://img.youtube.com/vi/sm3T6tvek4k/1.jpg "[M.3] Kobe Bryant:Tough Times")
7, 00:00, 2008-04-21 16:36:59 Description: -A video dedicated to Kobe during all his struggles from the rape trial,drama with Shaq & etc... -You know who he is, his name is Kobe Bryant.(In my opinion) I do think he is the greatest to ever (More) -A video dedicated to Kobe during all his struggles from the rape trial,drama with Shaq & etc... -You know who he is, his name is Kobe Bryant.(In my opinion) I do think he is the greatest to ever play the game. Don't be hating and say" Kobe is not better than Jordan".Why??? Because they are two different players who are playing in two way different eras."Stop The CompariosonS". I am also a Jordan fan so don't hate on me just cause I say Kobe's the greatest. -Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a National Basketball Association player for the Los Angeles Lakers. He is also the son of NBA player Joe "Jellybean" Bryant. -Bryant spent much of his childhood in Italy, where his father played professional basketball, and speaks fluent Italian. Bryant entered the NBA at the age of eighteen after a spectacular high school career in the Philadelphia suburb of Lower Merion. He was originally selected by the Charlotte Hornets, but never played for the team. Within weeks of being drafted, the Hornets traded him on July 11, 1996 to the Los Angeles Lakers for center Vlade Divac. Though young and somewhat introverted, Bryant's immense talent made an immediate impression with his teammates on the practice court. He married Vanessa Laine on April 18, 2001 in Dana Point, California and their daughter Natalia was born on January 19, 2003. His parents initially disapproved of the marriage, but have since reconciled with Bryant. -Bryant's career trajectory as an NBA player out of high school has been exceptional. By the age of 24, Bryant had won many individual awards, and had been named to the All-NBA team multiple times. He is regarded as one of the best players in the NBA. Bryant helped lead the Los Angeles Lakers to three consecutive NBA championships in 2000, 2001, and 2002. The Lakers also ventured to the 2004 Finals against the Detroit Pistons, but lost four games to one. Following the loss to the Pistons, Bryant opted out of his contract to tested the free agent market. After flirting with the idea of joining several teams, he signed a new seven-year deal with the Lakers worth over $136 million on July 15, 2004. -Bryant's youth, style, good looks, and accomplishments on the basketball court made him one of the most popular and marketable players in the history of the NBA. Much of his marketability was lost, however, as the result of rape allegations stemming from his June 2003 encounter with a woman in a Colorado hotel room. ***KOBE'S HONORS*** -Three time NBA champion: 2000, 2001, 2002 -NBA All-Star Game MVP: 2002 -NBA All-Star: 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 -All-NBA First Team: 2002, 2003, 2004 -All-NBA Second Team: 2000, 2001 -All-NBA Third Team: 2005 -All-NBA Defensive First Team: 2000, 2003, 2004 -All-NBA Defensive Second Team: 2001, 2002 -Slam Dunk Champion: 1997 -Ties NBA record for most made 3-point field goals in one game with 12 versus the Seattle SuperSonics on January 7, 2003. -One of only three players in NBA history to score 40-plus points in 9 consecutive games. -One of only two players to ever score at least 35 points in 13 straight games. -The only one of the two and three players, however, to contribute to more team losses in his 40-plus point games -Holds the Lakers team record for most consecutive free throws made at 43. -Named the 1996 Naismith High School Player of the Year. -Led Lower Merion H.S. to a 31-3 record, including 27 straight wins, and the Class AAAA state title as a senior (1996). -USA Today and Parade Magazine's 1996 National High School Player of the Year with a seasonal average of 30.8 points, 12.0 rebounds, 6.5 assists, 4.0 steals and 3.8 blocks per game. (Less)
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![The Jonas Brothers: A Jo Bro Love Story [Episode 1]](http://img.youtube.com/vi/3nr5CiUvBVs/2.jpg "The Jonas Brothers: A Jo Bro Love Story [Episode 1]")
7, 05:17, 2008-04-26 18:11:29 Description: Main Characters:
♥Melanie [A seventeen-year-old girl; turns eighteen in Sep.; brunette, brown eyes, 5'5", kinda "girly-girly-ish"; Fave Jo Bro: Joe Jonas]
♥Chloey (More) Main Characters:
♥Melanie [A seventeen-year-old girl; turns eighteen in Sep.; brunette, brown eyes, 5'5", kinda "girly-girly-ish"; Fave Jo Bro: Joe Jonas]
♥Chloey [A seventeen-year-old girl; turns eighteen in July; brunette, brown eyes, 5'3", @ times can be a girly-girl and @ times can be a tom-boy; Fave Jo Bro: Joe Jonas]
♥Taylor [A fifteen-year-old girl; turns sixteen in december; brunette, blue eyes, 5'4", athletic, can be a girly-girl and tom-boy; Fave Jo Bro: Nick Jonas]
♥Shelbi [A nineteen-year-old girl; turns twenty in July; Blonde, blue eyes, 5'6", girly-girl; Fave Jo Bro: Kevin Jonas]
♥Kevin Jonas [Twenty-year-old guy; in the Jonas Brothers band; black/brown hair, hazel eyes, 5'8"; oldest of the Jonas Brothers]
♥Joe Jonas [Eighteen-year-old guy in the Jonas Brothers band; black hair, brown eyes, 5'10"; 2nd oldest of the Jonas Brothers]
♥Nick Jonas [Fifteen-year-old guy in the Jonas Brothers band; brown hair, brown eyes; youngest of the Jonas Brothers]
*Chloey, Melanie, Shelbi, and Taylor walk out of a mall in Los Angeles, California*
Chloey: ...Yea, totally. I mean, that guy was such a dork.
Shelbi: *scoffs* Ugh, Chloey? Come on, just cause he's not my boyfriend anymore, it doesn't mean you can just insult him whenever you want to.
*Chloey rolls her eyes*
Melanie: Seriously, Shelbi. YOU broke up with HIM. Why does it matter so much to you?
Taylor: Yea. You saying all this really makes you seem like you still--
Chloey: OMG.
Melanie: WHAT?
Chloey: LOOK OVER THERE.
*Everyone but Shelbi looks, who's texting on her cell phone*
*Taylor slaps shelbi on the arm*
Taylor: SHELBI! LOOK!
*Girls say OMG at the same time*
Chloey: WHAT DO WE DO?
Melanie: Oh My Jonas, Chloey, I think that's the stupidest question you've asked in your whole life.
Taylor: Of course we're gonna go over there!
Shelbi: Like, let's go then!
Melanie: 'Kay, let's go!
*Girls run toward them and once they're 5 feet away from them, they walk towards them slowly*
Melanie: Um..Err--Hi,
Kevin: Hey what's up girls?
*Girls don't say anything; Jo Bros look at each other; Taylor nudges Chloey*
Chloey: Um, excuse me and my friends, we're just kinda speechless right now. It's not every day that you meet the hottest boy band on the planet in a parking lot.
Joe: *laughs* Haha, that's true.
Nick: So what are your names?
Chloey: I'm chloey *shakes Jo Bros' hands*
Melanie: I'm Melanie *shakes their hands, except for Joe, she hugs him :)*
*Chloey rolls her eyes*
Taylor: I'm Taylor *hugs them all*
Shelbi: And I'm Shelbi *shakes their hands*
Joe: So, uh, what'd you guys get in there?
Melanie: You'd be surprised.
*The girls open their shopping bags and pull stuff out*
Melanie: Your albums--
Chloey: Charm bracelets with your pics and names on it--
Shelbi: T-shirts with you guys on it--
Taylor: and posters of you!
Kevin: *To Joe and Nick* I think I'm sensing some major Jonas Brother fans here. *smiles*
Nick: *laughs* Haha, for sure.
Joe: Well, since we're here, do you want us to sign those posters for you guys?
Chloey: Uh, yeah, that'd be awesome!
*Girls take out the posters and the guys sign it*
Kevin: Oh, uh, our concert's starting in a little bit.
Joe: Yeah... you should give us your numbers so we can call you sometime!
Nick: ..And maybe you guys could come watch us inside..
Girls: All right!
*They exchange numbers and small talk rises*
Nick: Okay, well let's go inside.
Melanie: All right, let's go!
*They go in the mall*
[20 minutes later]
*The Jonas Brothers perform "When You Look Me In The Eyes", "That's Just The Way We Roll", and "SOS"; at the end they give a shout-out*
Kevin: All right guys, we wanna send a shout-out to our new bestest friends-
Joe: Who we met outside in the parking lot a while ago-
Nick: Melanie, Shelbi, Taylor, and Chloey!!
*Audience applauses and the girls scream*
Joe: We love you all! Good night everybody!
*Nick and Kevin take the guitars off themselves*
*Girls meet up with the guys*
Chloey: Well, today has been awesome!
Taylor: Yeah, thanks for today.. it was the funnest day I've had in a long time!
Melanie: Yeah... Hopefully we can meet up again. *starts to sing* But tonight...we've got to go....*
*All laugh*
Shelbi: Nice, Melanie!
Joe: Yea, that was so supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!
Kevin: Dude, what?
Nick: *Starts cracking up*
Joe: *Smiles and playfully rolls his eyes* Anyways, we'll call you tomorrow then..
Melanie: We'll be expecting it!
Chloey: All righty then.
*Girls exchange hugs with the Jonas Bros*
Girls: Later!!
Jonas Bros: See ya!
To be continued...
{Side note:} Leave comments guys... it's my first time doing this, so go easy on me please.. if you liked it, tell me, if not, keep it to yourself. The world has no space for cruel criticsm. I'll accept CONSTRUCTIVE criticsm... where you suggest things and say how I can make it better.. so.. yeah.}
♥JoeJonasLuvv (Less)
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